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OBJECTIVE：To provide ideas for the development of electronic prescription （e-prescription）service mode under the background of “Internet+”. METHODS ：Retrieving official websites and related online resources of the national and provincial governments，health committees ，medical products administration ，and medical security bureaus （up to Jun. 2020），relevant policies，supporting documents and implementation status of e-prescription service mode were sorted out and analyzed ，and the suggestions were put forward. RESULTS ：Current e-prescription service modes included four modes ，such as pharmaceutical retail enterprise e-prescription service mode ，medical institution e-prescription information sharing service mode ，internet hospital e-prescription service mode ，and medical e-commerce e-prescription service mode. The pilot of e-prescription service mode of drug retail enterprises covered the widest range of provinces and cities ，but the participation of health departments and medical institutions was insufficient ，and the pattern of comprehensive power had not been formed. The medical institutions e-prescription information sharing service mode was mainly composed of three typical examples ，namely“Wuzhou mode ”，“Fuzhou mode ”and “Gansu mode ”. However ，it had not been unified in terms of technical standards ，access conditions ，exit mechanism and execution process，etc. At present ，this model was still in a small scope of exploration and pilot stage. The internet hospital e-prescription service mode was limited by the popularization of internet hospital medical insurance payment and the improvement of corresponding rules and regulations ，which was still at the stage of cautious pilot exploration. Medical e-commerce e-prescription service model was limited by the types of drugs within the legal service scope. Meanwhile ，the industry standards and regulations of e-prescription service were in the absence at present. CONCLUSIONS ：As an innovative service mode ，the e-prescription service mode meets the real needs of the pharmaceutical retail industries ，medical institutions and patients. Each pilot mode conforms to the development trend of “Internet+”and shows a strong development momentum ，but overall it is still in the early stage of active exploration. It is urgent to further explore and research around the leading departments ，stakeholders and prescription transfer procedures.
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OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for chronic disease man agement service develophed in social pharmacy. METHODS：Questionnaire about the Status Quo of Chronic Disease Management and Service in Social Pharmacy of Chengdu was designed，using the quota sampling method ，social pharmacies in five main urban areas of Chengdu were selected from May to July，2018 to conduct a questionnaire survey （one questionnaire by each social pharmacy ） on the basic situation of social pharmacies，the development of chronic disease management services ，the cognition of chronic disease management services ，and the challenges faced by chronic disease management services ，and suggestions were proposed. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：A total of 272 questionnaires were sent out ，and 252 valid questionnaire were actually collected （effective recovery rate of 92.65％）. Totally 189 sample pharmacies （75.00％） had carried out chronic disease management services ，of which 112 （59.26％） pharmacies had been launched for 1-3 years；87（46.03％）had set up service areas ；68（35.98％）had full-time staff ，and 54 （28.57％）had part-time staff ，most of which were licensed pharmactists. 116（61.37％）had trained related staff for 1-2 times per year. 176（93.12％）pharmacies could provide services such as basic indicator testing （176，93.12％），establishing health records （142，75.13.％），and rational medication guidance for patients （163，86.24％）. According to the survey ，the substantial benefits of chronic disease management services included changing the health status of patients （163，86.24％），improving patients ’trust in the pharmacy and staff （141，74.60％），improving patients ’quality of life （129，68.25％），etc. More than 50％ of pharmacies faced the challenges of limited number of licensed pharmacists （102，53.97％），difficulty in establishing professional teams （112， 59.26％），and lack of trust in services （101，53.44％）. The current chronic disease management service of social pharmacy in Chengdu is in the initial stage of active exploration ，which can bring many benefits to patients and pharmacies ，and is conducive to the promotion of medical and health policies ，but there are some weak links at the same time. It is suggested that relevant government departments should strengthen the support ofpolicies and regulations ， and social pharmacies constantly 85501387。 E-mail：2191043137@qq.com improve professional level and rely on the advantages of “Internet + ”to meet the diverse needs of the public for pharmaceutical care ，and publicity efforts are intensified to · enhance the awareness and participation of patients with chronic diseases.
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Objective To evaluate the current situation of rational drug use in medical facilities at all levels in Sichuan province by means of empirical research via WHO /INRUD selected drug use indicators SDUIs .Methods Six sample cities in Sichuan Province was extracted ,in which 1 to 3 tertiary hospitals ,1 to 3 secondary hospitals ,5 community health service cen-ters and 5 township hospitals were selected .Prescription indicators were indicated by collecting outpatient prescriptions from sample medical facilities which contained 30 prescriptions per month of every January ,April ,July and October from January 2012 to April 2015 .Results The average number of drugs was 3 .02 per prescription .The percentage of drug generic name used in prescription drugs was 90 .33％ .The percentage of antimicrobial use was 40 .09％ .The percentage of injections used was 14 .46％ .The percentage of essential drugs used among prescription drugs was 83 .27％ .The percentage of essential drugs used was 93 .05％ .Average fee amount all prescriptions was 66 .04 yuan .Conclusion Some of the indicators was of good ra-tionality ,but there were still some unreasonable phenomena .
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OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for further comprehensive evaluation of the improvement of the accessibility of family medicines after the implementation of the new health care reform. METHODS:Sampled as 180 households from 2 urban ar-eas,2 counties and 2 rural areas in Chengdu,a questionnaire survey was adopted based on the WHO’s manual for the Household Survey to Measure Access and Use of Medicines to investigate the situation of drug use,storage and accessibility,and the results were statistically analyzed. RESULTS:Totally 180 questionnaires were sent out,179 were effectively received with effective recov-ery of 99.44%. In the terms of medicines taken for the acute illness,there were more than 60% rural households obtained drugs from the public health care facilities,while more than 60% counties households purchased drugs in public medical and health insti-tutions;in the terms of medicines taken for the chronic illness,the proportion of households reporting a chronic illness who did not take any medicines was low(3.80%);in terms of medicines storage,the proportion of households without reserve drugs was low (13.41%). In terms of drug accessibility,the proportions of respondents who agreed that the location and opening hours of their public healthcare facility were convenient were high;there was no situation for“patients did not take prescribed drugs because med-icines were not available at the healthcare facility and drug store”,while more than 95% respondents who agreed that drugs were available at their public health care facilities and drug stores;the essential medicines in the household use of chronic drugs in Chengdu accounted more than 60%;more than 85% can afford the drug costs,while the proportion of the monthly costs for acute illness and chronic illness in the total month costs was low;the health insurance coverage reached 90% in the survey households, but the proportions of households which could reimburse acute,chronic illness drug cost were lower(14.13% and 12.66%). CON-CLUSIONS:At present,the level of drug accessibility in Chengdu is high;the implementation of National Essential Medicines System has a positive effect on reducing the economic burden of chronic disease family. But there are shortcomings in the Medicare reimbursement levels and antibiotics use,it is suggested to take effective measures to solve it,such as exploring the stable and ef-fective medical insurance fund raising channels,improving the compensation level and the level of insurance reimbursement,formu-late and implement the corresponding antibacterial drugs supervision system and regulate the rational use of antibiotics in residents.
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OBJECTIVE:To explore the assessment indicators of the accessibility of essential medicines to comprehensively evaluate the accessibility of essential medicinesand its coverage of medicine supply security and service quality and the improve-ment of the implementation of the new Healthcare reform. METHODS:Retrieved from Chinese and English Literature and the World Health Organization(WHO),theoretical analysis was conducted for the covering the core elements of essential medicines to explore construction ideas and content of essential medicines evaluation index system with international suitability,index appropri-ateness and operability. RESULTS&CONCLUSIONS:A series of medicine policy evaluation guide established by WHO is current-ly the main basis of the accessibility of essential medicines evaluation around the world,however,there are certain limitations for these indicators.According to the concept put forward by WHO and the related organizations,the core elements of the accessibility of essential medicines include:availability,affordability,supply system,sustainable financing,medicine quality and appropriate use.
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OBJECTIVE: To provide suggestion for the construction of teaching staff and the improvement of the discipline of Pharmacy Administration(Ph.A).METHODS: The basic information was collected by searching official website and the websites of universities and colleges etc,and a questionnaire survey was conducted among pharmacy univeristies or colleges by means of telephone interview or on-the-spot interview etc.RESULTS: A total of 108 pharmacy univeristies or colleges sent back the effective questionnaires.There were a total of 276 Ph.A teachers,including 142 male and 134 female;145 were full-time Ph.A and 131 were part-time teachers.There were only part-time teachers in 63 universities / colleges,of whom,91 were from other teaching or research department of the discipline of pharmacy,24 from party or government administration of school,9 from hospitals,4 from pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises,and 3 from drug administration department.CONCLUSION: The resources of Ph.A teachers are various,and the access qualification is quite low.It isadvisable to strengthen the building of Ph.A faculty and improve the whole level of Ph.A teachers.
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OBJECTIVE:To provide suggestions for the improvement of curriculum system of Pharmacy Administration(Ph.A).METHODS:The basic information was collected by searching official website and the websites of universities and colleges,and the detailed data were collected through questionnaire survey.RESULTS:In the 111 universities and colleges investigated,a total of 51 curriculums(or 399 courses) related to Ph.A were set up.The main curriculums are pharmacy administration(210 courses),pharmaceutical marketing(61 courses),pharmacy laws and regulations(26 courses).In different universities and colleges,the credit hours,semester and property of Ph.A curriculums are different.CONCLUSIONS:The system of Ph.A curriculums has become more and more comprehensive,and the setup of each course suits the need of social needs.But the setup of curriculums of Ph.A in each university or college was far from systematical,and its structure remained to be optimized,and the structure of the teaching materials of Ph.A should be strengthened.
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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the work status of clinical pharmacists in West China Hospital of Sichuan University and to provide rational suggestions for the development and improvement of clinical pharmacy. METHODS: The status of hospital clinical pharmacy and training of clinical pharmacy were studied by a questionnaire survey on 26 clinical pharmacists and an interview on 9 trainees majored in clinical pharmacy. RESULTS: The major tasks for hospital clinical pharmacists were to participate in clinical rounds, conduct pharmacy rounds alone, participate in patients’ treatment and outpatient pharmaceutical care, listen to case discussion, participate case consultation, coordinate with doctors to make medication plan, collect adverse drug reactions and give lecture among physicians etc. The pharmacists were welcome by most of the clinical departments. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical pharmacy in West Hospital of Sichuan University achieved a good beginning, but to achieve a further progress, the focus of clinical pharmacists’ work should be shifted to provide patient-centered pharmaceutical technical service, meanwhile, the support offered and the importance attached by the government as well as the efforts of clinical pharmacists are indispensible.